Atomizing and nebulizing device.



H. M. REIWCHENBACH.

ATOMIZING AND NEBULIZING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-11,1913. RENEWED JUNE 28,1916:

L2Q%,2On Patented Apr24 1917.

I 3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

.MJREICHENBACH/ A'TOMIZINQ AND NEBULIZING DEVICE.

11913. RENEWED JU'NE 28.1916.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- H ,QZU

Patented Apr. 24,1917.

Hill/Ir H. M. REICHENBACH.

ATOMIZING AND NEBULIZING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 11, 1913.RENEWED JUNE 2811916.

Patented Apr. 24, 1917.-

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- light and heavy hydrocarbons.

U E eTMms HE RY M. EEICEENEACH, 0E- ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

ATOMIZiNG. ANio EBULIZIEG DEVICE.

Specificati ers Patent. Patented Apr, 241,. 191?,

I Application filed March 11, 1913, Serial No. 753,602. Renewed June 28,1916. Serial Ito/106,520..

'Atomizing and Nebulizing Devices; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake "and use the same.

' My invention relates to improvements in atomizing and nebulizingdevices and it' consists in the constructions, combinations andarrangements herein described and claimed.

' An object of my invention is'to provide an improved atomizing andnebulizing de-- vice adapted to operate" .efliciently with either lighthydrocarbons or a mixture of By subjecting the mixture of light and-'heavy hydrocarbons to the effect of a blast passing through theconduit in the proper 1way,I am able to volatilize practically all ofthe lighter constituents and to reduce toa nebula, that is, if cloudconsisting of impalpably fineparticles, the heavier constituents of thefuel. The vaporized lighter hydrocarbons and the nebulized heavierportion are carried forward to the engine by a single blast."

A further object of my invention is to provide a 'slmple and compactatomizing and nebulizing device especially adapted for 'duit is 1 plate;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line of Fig. 2; g

? Fig. 5 is a section'on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

' Fig. 6 is'anenlarged fragmentary view of'the slotted upper end of oneof-the fuel i'eedtubes; i

F 7 is a central longitudinal section, similar to Fig. 4:, illustratinga modified construction in which the rectangular conprovided with a-spring deflector Fig, 8 i'sa fragmentary plan view, illustrating amodified means for regulating the fuelfeed;

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9+9 of Fig. 8, with parts shown inelevation; i

Fig. 10 is an enlarged'detail SBCtlOIiOH the line 10-10 of F ig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary plan view, illustrating a 'furtherinodifiedconstruction for regulating the 'fuel feed;

Fig. 12 is a section'on the line 1212 of Fig. 11; and

Fig. 13 is a section on the line 13-13 of ig. 11. V I Referring to thedrawings, 1 indicates an open-ended "rectangular conduit substantiallyuniform in cross section adapted to be secured to the inlet or manifoldof an internal combustion engine in any suitable way, as'by an elbow 2,or in any desired or convenient manner.

A tank 3 is provided with a feed pipe 4 2 adapted to seat within arecess inthe lower wall of said conduit 1, andc'arrying a series ofclosely-spaced tubes 5 extending .verti'cally within said conduitthrough holes in said lower recess Wall thereof; said pipe 4 being shownprovided with a series of cleaning apertures axially of the tubes '5 andclosed by screw plugs 9, for permitting the ready insertion of a wire,or other implement, for cleaning'said tubes.

Inview of; the fact that a number of such tubes are lilo The tank 3 isfirmly secured in position by a strap 6 clamped tightly about theconduit.

with reinforcing bands-14; the upper ends of said tubes being closed byscrews 15 adjustably threaded therein for regulating said slots 13. Thescrews 15 carry cores 16 extending axially within the tubes 5 forforming reduced annular passages for the flow of fuel to said slots13;thereby insuring sufficient velocity of fuel'flow through the tubes 5toprevent danger of fouling of the interior of the latter when employingheavy fuel oils. The annular passages are of a width slightly less thanthe width of the slots 13, thereby providing an effective screeningaction for preventing clogging of said slots by foreign matter containedin the fuel. The perpendicular straight walled, sharp edged narrow slotswhich I employ, are of very great assistance in effecting properncbulization of the fluid fuel as it rises in-the tubes. The blast, asit passes over the edges of the openings, shaves or planes oil theliquid in a continuous very thin film, the parts of which are instantlybroken up by the blast, aided by the surface tension of the fluid, intoa mist or nebula, formed of intangible minute particles.

If desired, the adjusting screws 15 may be threaded through the upperwall of the conduit 1 and the overlapping portion of the strap 6, andextend closely within the upper ends of said tubes 5; lock nuts 17 beingprovided for firmly securing saidscrews in their adjusted positions.

A rectangular plate or valve 18 as wide as the inside of the conduit isattached, as by screws 19, to the bottom wall of the conduit 1, and isinclined upwardly across said rectangular conduit to cotiperate with thetop wall of the latter to provide aconverging nozzle of rectangularcross-section for directing the indrawn air in a strong jet through saidconduit across the slotted portions of the closely-spaced tubes Theplate or Valve 18 is formed of spring metal and adapted to be deflectedor actuated byv the suction of the engine; the free upper end of saidvalve being provided with rearwardly-extending fingers 20, preferablycurved concentrically to thelixed center of swing of said'valve 18; saidfingers being under certain conditions adapted to seat against the topconduit wall and to swing between the several tubes 5 upon opening ofsaid valve by the engine suction, for directing the indrawn jet of airacross'the slots 13 of the fuel feed tubes'5.

The fingers referred to do not fill the en .tire space between thetubes, but are so arranged that there is a narrow opening between theside of each finger and the adjacent slot through which opening a narrowstream of air may pass, beingdetlected past the slot by said fingers.

An adjustable stop 21 is shown threaded through the conduit 1 forlimiting, if dejsired, the swing of said. valve 18- to its normal closedposition and the resiliency of said valve can be readilyadjusted bytightening or loosening its attaching screws 19 to permit slight swingor shifting of said valve on the lower conduit wall. It will be obviousthat the valve, 18 could be yieldingly maintainedseated by aspring inany usual well known manner, if desired. I may, if I desire, attach tothe top of the conduit a plate 27 somewhat correspondin to the plate 18and also directed toward the fuel openings. This plate 27 may also be ofspring metal or spring mounting, and normally may rest against the plate18 when the latter is quiescent or closed. When air begins to pass intothe opening, the plate 27 is deflected as well as the plate 18, and the.narrow current of air is made to pass bewhere the latter is wide orwidest. The ex- I panding feature of the inspired blast, is accentuatedor magnified under the conditions; and, as is obvious, this aids ingas'ifying and nebulizing the fuel.

By the above described construction, the cross-sectional area-of therectangular inlet nozzle will vary directly as the extent of swing ofthe'valve 18 in all various open positions of the latter, therebyinsuring a uniform and constant mixture under all service conditions.

By this construction, it will be observed that the air supply above theplate 18 increases as this plate is deflected. Starting from theposition just shown in Fig. l, the deflection of said plate will reach adesirable maximum when the fueldischar e slots occupy about the-centerline of the above re- An; auxiliary rectangular valve-22 is pivoted at23 on'the. conduit 1 for controlling the admission of an additional-airsupply through an opening 24 in said conduit and breaking up anyeddies'that mightother- Wise'form below the plate 18; said valve 22being actuated by the suction of the engine and yieldingly maintainedclosed byalight spring 25. The rectangular valve22 swings to-an upwardlyinclined position within the conduit, thus directing" the air indrawntherepast through said conduit. The 'currents of air thus directedthrough the conduit by the valves 22 and 18 together with the fuelatomized by'the latter from the slotted I fuel-feed tubes 5', impingeuponthe inner curvedwall'of the elbow 2 and are deflected as a uniformand intima'tely'intermixed mixture. r

A throttle valve 26 is positioned in the conduit l betweenthe.fuel-feedtubes 5 and the engine and provided with a crank arm 29 adaptedto bemanually operated in any well known mannerfor adjusting said valve:

The above described improvediconstruction and-relative arrangement ofthefuelfeed tubes 5 and the spring-seated suction valves 18' and 22 andmanually-operated valve 26 provides a highly "eflicient carbureter,adaptedto operate advantageously with'either light or heavyfuel oilsunder all service conditions. By theuse'of an atomizer and nebulizer ofthe kind described, together with the principal and auX- iliary airintake valves, and fuel feed devices of the kind shown, I am enabled touse hydrocarbons .of a wide limit of grades. Lighter hydrocarbons, suchas naphtha, may be vaporized completely under some'conditions, but whenthe. fuel used contains percentages of .kerosene or even heavier hydrocarbons, volatilization of these will not-occur, particularly at lowtemperatures. My object is to blow these'ofi'in a nebulous, asdistinguished. from a guttulous condition,

' surrounded bvan atmosphere of completely vaporized lighter hydrocarbonand alr, in quantity controlled by the suction of the engine, to meetthe needs'of the particular fuel, to efi'ectcoinplete combustion.

Figs. 8-10 illustrate a modification in whichthe slots 13 of thefuel-feed tubes 5 are collectively regulated by .a series of screws 30'threaded through the upper wall of the conduitl, and carrying wormwheels 31 in mesh witha worm' 32 provided with a knurled head 33, saidworm being journaled in brackets 34: mounted on said screws 30.

This provides a simple self-locking mechanismfor accurately andsimultaneously adjusting the series of regulating screws 30 and lockingthe latter in thei'r several adjusted positions. 2

Figs, 11-13 illustrate a further modification, in which the slots 13 ofthe fuel-feed tubes'5 are regulated by a series of screws 35 threadedthrough a cross barj36 and extending slidably through the conduit 1 intosaid tubes'5. The bar 36 is providedwvith trunnions 37 engaging slots38in' a yoke 39 pivoted in ears 40 on the conduit 1. "A rod tlprovidedwith a knurled head iss'uit ably swiveled in the free endof the pivotedyoke 39, as by a pin 43 on said yoke ineligagement with an annularrecess in said rod;

the lower end of said rod 41 being threaded at43 in the conduit 1. Bythis improved construction, the several screws '30 can readily adjusted.independently in the cross bar 36,-and the series of screws35 can besimultaneously adjusted by turning the main adjusting screw rod 41.

I have'illustratedan'd described preferred and satisfactoryconstructions, but changes could be made within the spirit and scope ofmy invention.

Cross reference is hereby'inade'to in'y application Serial No; 771,567,filed July 3, 1913, for carbureters,-in which application are, amongothers, claims directed to the feature of having the feed deviceso'positioned that the draft through the inlet conduit is conductedstraight'across the feed openings.

I claim r 1. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inletconduit for internal combustion engines, a fuel feed deviceconsisting ofa series of tubes opening within said conduit, means for supplying fuelat constantlevel to said device, and a spring metal valve.- in saidconduit, said valve crossing the conduit from the bottom toward the fueldischarge I level, and terminating in fingers swinging to shield orcover openings between tubes of, the feed device and to guide air pastthe tube openings.

2. In an atomizer and ncbulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit forinternal combustion engines, a fuel feed device consisting of a seriesof tubes opening within said condult, means for supplying fuel atconstant level to said device, and a spring metal valve in said conduit,said valve crossing the conduit from the bottom toward the fueldischarge level, and terminating in fingers swinging between the tubes'of said feed device.

. 3. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit,rectangular in cross section, for air for internal combustion engines, afuel feed device consisting of a series of tubes opening within saidconconduit from the bottom toward the fuel' discharge level. andterminating irniingers swinging between the tubes of said feed derice,said lingers being bent at their ends upon a curve concentric with thefixed cente r of swing.

.4. In an atomizer and nebulizcr, the combination of an inlet conduitfor internal combi-istion engines, provided with a deflecting plate. afuel feed device opening within said conduit, said fuel feed consistingof a series of feed tubes provided with slots and means for regulatingthesize of slots, a spring'seated valve actuated by the engine suctionfor admitting a jet of air and directing such jet across the fuel feedopenings and against said deflecting surface, and a throttle valve insaid conduit between sa d fuel feed device and deflecting surface. 5.-In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit forinternal combustion engines, a series of feed tubes provided withvertical slots ar 'anged crosswise within said conduit, means forsupplying fuel at a constant level to said tubes. a sprin -seated plateor valve actuated by the engine suction for directing ai across suchslots, and a throttle valve in said conduit between said feed tubes andengine.

6. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit forinternal combustion engines, a series of feed tubes provided with slotswithin said conduit. ad-

justable means for regulating such slots, means for supplying fuel at aconstant level to said tubes, a spring-seated valve actuated by theengine suction for directing air across such slots, and. av throttlevalve in said conduit between said feed tubes and engine.

7. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit forinternal combustion engines, a series of feed tubes provided with slotswithin said conduit, cores extending axially in said tubes to providereduced annular passages for the flow of fuel to such slots, means forsupplying fuel at a constant level to said tubes. a valve actuated bythe engine suction for directing air across such slots, and a throttlevalve in said conduit between said feed tubes and engine.

8. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit forinternal combustion engines, a series of closelyspaced feed tubesprovided with slotted portions within said conduit, means for supplyingfuel to said tubes at a constant level below suchslots, a spring-seatedvalve actuated by the engine suction for directing air between theslotted portions of said closely air in a jet across the slottedportions ofsaid tubes.

10. In an atomizer and biuation of a rectangular inlet conduit forinternal combustion engines. a closelyspaced series of vertical feedtubes provided with vertically slotted portions opening within saidconduit, means for supplying fuel at a constant level to said tubes, anda movable rectangular member inclined from one Wall of said conduit andactuated by the engine suction for directing the entering air in a jetacross the slotted portions of said tubes.

11. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of a rectangular inletconduit for internal combustion engines, a closelyspaced series ofvertical feed tubes provided with vertically slotted portions openingwithin said conduit, means for supplying fuel at a constant level tosaid tubes, a movable rectangular member inclined from one wall of saidconduit and actuated by the engine suction for directing the enteringair in a jet across the slotted portions of said tubes, and a throttlevalve in said conduit between said tubes and engine.

12. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of-a rectangular inletconduit for internal combustion engines, a closelyspaced series of feedtubes provided with slotted portions opening within said conduit. meansfor supplying fuel at a constant level to said tubes, a rectangularmembermchned from one Wall of said conduit for member inclined from oneWall of s'aid'conduit and actuated by the engine suction for dlrectlngthe entering air in jets across the nebulizer, the comslotted portionsof said tubes, and spring fingers on said rectangulan member forconcentrating such jets of air against the slotted portions of saidtubes.

14:. In anatomizer and nebulizer, the combination of a rectangular inletconduit for internal combustion engines, a closelyspaced series of feedtubes provided with slotted portions within said conduit, means forsupplying fuel at a constant'level to said tubes, a spring-seatedrectangular valve actuated by the engine suction and inclinedfrom onewall of said rectangular conduit to provide a converging nozzle for theenter- 1 111g air, spring fingers on said valve for con- .bination of arectangular inlet conduit for internal combustion I engines, acloselyspaced series of vertical feed tubes provided with verticallyslotted portions opening within said conduit, means for supplying fuelat a const'ant level to said tubes, and

rectangular members inclined from opposite walls of said rectangularconduit to provide a converging nozzle for directing the enter ing airagainst the slotted portions of said tubes.

16. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the

combination of a rectangular inlet conduit for internal combustionengines,'a closelyspaced series of feed tubes provided with slottedportions within said condu1t, means for supplying fuelat a constantlevel to said tubes, a spring-seated rectangular valve actuated by theengine suction and inclined from one wall of said rectangular conduit, arectangular deflector plate inclined from'the opposite wall of saidcondnit for cooperating )with said inclined 'valve to provide aconverging nozzle for directing the entering air against the slottedportions of said tubes, adjustable stops for limiting the normallyclosed posltlons of' said deflector plate and valve, and a throttlevalve in said conduit between said tubes and engine.

17. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduitfor internal combustion engines, a fuel feed device opening within saidconduit means for supplying fuel at a constant level to said device, avalve actuated by the engine suction for directing air through saidconduit across the fuel-feed openings, a springseated auxiliary-valvefor directing an additional supply ofair through said conduit, and athrottle valve in said conduit between said fuel feed device and engine.

18. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the

combination of an inlet conduit for internal combustion engines providedwith a deflecting surface, afuel feed device opening with in saidconduit, means for supplying fuel at a constant level to said device, avalve actuated by the engine suction for directing air through saidconduit across the fuel feed openings and against :said deflectingsurface, a spring-seated auxiliary valve for permitting introduction ofan additional supply of air through said conduit, and a throttle valvein said conduit between said fuel feed device and engi'nei 19. In anatomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an-inlet conduit, a fuel feeddevice opening into said conduit, means for supplying fuel at constantlevel-to said device, an inclined plate in said devicein the rear of thefuel feed for directing a straight forward blast past said openings, andmeans whereby an auxiliary blast may be drawn in below said plate.

20. In an atomizer and nebulizer, the combination of an inlet conduit, afuel feed device, opening into said conduit, means for bination of aninlet conduit for internal cpmbustion engines, a fuel feed device con-'sistlng of a tube opening within said conduit arranged to dischargedirectly across the blast through an elongated opening, means forsupplying fuel at constant level to said tube, and a spring metal valvein saidconduit, said valve crossing the conduit toward the fueldischarge opening, and terminating at or near said opening.

22. In an atomizer and 'nebulizer,the com-,

bination of an inlet conduit for internal combustion engines, a fuelfeed device consisting ofa slotted tube opening within said conduitarranged to discharge directly I across the blast, means for supplyingfuel atv constant level to said tube at or near the slots, and ayielding deflecting plate in said conduit, crossing said conduit toward,and terminating at or near the fuel discharge opening.

23. In an atomizing and nebulizing device for internal combustionengines, in combination, a conduit for said engine, a slotted tube forsupplying fuel through the-slots to said conduit arranged to dischargefuel across the blast, and a yielding plate extending across saidconduit toward said slots, said plate being adapted to yield to enginesuction and form with the opposite wall, a

converging channel, toward the center of which at its inmost part, arethe fuel openings.

2a. In an atomizing and nebulizing device for internal combustionengines, in combination, a rectangular shaped intake conduit, a fueldevice discharging fuel through rectangular sharp edged slots across theblast, and a yielding deflector plate arranged to extend from one sideof said conduit toward the other wall near to said slots, said plateadapted to yield to engine suction whereby the opening through which airis admitted increases in area in one direction only, whereby theeffective discharge ofsaid slots is'increased in correspondence with thedeflection of said yielding plate.

v 25. In a carburet'er for internal combustion engines, in combination,an intake con-4 duit, a deflecting plate in said conduit, a fuel feedopening w1thin said conduit in proper relation to said plate, saiddevicesconsisting of a feed tube provided with a slot arrangedto'discharge ful acrossthe blast and means for regulating the size ofthe slot, asprin'g seated valve adapted to be opened by engine suction,arrangedin the conduit, for admitting air and directing it across thedirection of said slot, and a throttle valve in said'conduit betweenthesaid tube and the engine.

26. In an atomizingand nebulizing deforming reduced annular passages, aspring seated valve or plate actuated by the engine suction for directinair across such slots, and a throttle valve 1n said conduit between said.feed tubes and engine.

27. In an atomizing and nebulizing device for internal combustionengines, in com-.

bination, a conduit rectangular in cross section, fuel supplying tubesarranged in sid conduit, each of said tubes being slotted and the slotsextending in a line crosswise of-the conduit, air deflecting meansarranged in said conduit so as to divert to and concentrate upon saidslots the entering blast of air, said deflecting means being adapted toyleld as thealr pressure increases, so as to form a converging funnel,the center of which tends to said fuel discharge slots.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature, in presence of twowltnesses.

HENRY M. REICHENBACH.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. HAESELER, CHARLES S., A0KLEY.

